Trick

capture-pane -S -10000 save-buffer tmux.txt

bind-key -T copy-mode-vi MouseDragEnd1Pane send-keys -X copy-selection-and-cancel

TMUX=1 gnome-terminal # Spawn a terminal without tmux tmux capture-pane -pS -1000000 -t 0 > file.out * Capture other tmux pane : tmux capture-pane -t "$target_pane" \; save-buffer - \; delete-buffer * Share window: tmux link-window -s <src-window> -t <dst-window>
* Join pane in same window : join-pane -s 2:3.1 * Set variable (Env) run ‘tmux setenv -g RESULT $VALUE’ *

setw synchronise-panes
# gives us is that it simultaneously sends keyboard input from one pane to the rest of the panes

Pane to new Windows == break pane o

tmux join-pane -s 2 -t 1 
tmux join-pane -hs 2
# To join pane 2 vertically (counter-intuitive) here
join-pane -s
join-pane -t
break-pane   (!)

Vertical to horizontal

C-b space (bound to next-layout by default) cycles through available layouts, you can also use the select-layout command.

M-1 to M-5 Arrange panes in one of the five preset layouts: even- horizontal, even-vertical, main-horizontal, main- vertical, or tiled.

On OS X, M is Esc, i.e. Ctrl-b Esc-1.

Clipboard

tmux save-buffer - | xclip -i

Get help

tmux list-keys
tmux list-commands
tmux info
tmux source-file ~/.tmux.conf
    list-keys -T copy-mode-vi
C-b ?

Display a list of keyboard shortcuts:

    tmux list-sessions
    C-b w

List windows

    C-b s

Tips

Add mouse support

set -g mouse on
Rename window

bind-key + , set-window-option -g automatic-rename off
Rename Session

Ctrl-b $ (tmux|ctrl-b :) rename-session -t current-name new-name
tmux list-keys | grep “send-keys -X cancel”
Reorder windows?

swap-window -s 3 -t 1 swap-window -t 0 move-window -t 0 # In the unlikely case of having no window at index 0, do:

bind-key T swap-window -t 0

tmux cheat sheet

(C-x means ctrl+x, M-x means alt+x)

Prefix key

The default prefix is C-b. If you (or your muscle memory) prefer C-a, you need to add this to ~/.tmux.conf:

remap prefix to Control + a

set -g prefix C-a

bind ‘C-a C-a’ to type ‘C-a’

bind C-a send-prefix
unbind C-b

I’m going to assume that C-a is your prefix.

Navigate using Vim or Emacs shortcuts, depending on the value of mode-keys. Emacs is the default, and if you want Vim shortcuts for help and copy modes (e.g. j, k, C-u, C-d), add the following line to ~/.tmux.conf:

setw -g mode-keys vi

Any command mentioned in this list can be executed as tmux something or C-a :something (or added to ~/.tmux.conf).

Copy mode

    bind-key -T copy-mode-vi 'v' send -X begin-selection
    bind-key -T copy-mode-vi 'y' send -X copy-selection-and-cancel
    <C-b> =

show the yank ring

Sessions, windows, panes

Session is a set of windows, plus a notion of which window is current.

Window is a single screen covered with panes. (Once might compare it to a ‘virtual desktop’ or a ‘space’.)

Pane is a rectangular part of a window that runs a specific command, e.g. a shell.

swap-window -s 3 -t 1 swap-window -t 0 move-window -t 0 bind-key T swap-window -t 0 bind-key -n C-S-Left swap-window -t -1 bind-key -n C-S-Right swap-window -t +1

Sessions

Where am I | I go

session=whatever window=session : 0pane={window}.4 tmux send-keys -t “$pane" C-z 'some -new command' Enter tmux select-pane -t "$pane” tmux select-window -t “$window" tmux attach-session -t "$session”
Creating a session:

tmux [new[-session]] -s work
Create a new session that shares all windows with an existing session, but has its own separate notion of which window is current:

tmux new-session -s work2 -t work
Attach to a session:

tmux attach -t work
Detach from a session: C-a d.
Kill session

tmux kill-session -t mysession # Kill my session

tmux kill-session -a # Kill all sessions

tmux kill-session -a -t mysession # Kill all sessions but the current
Switch between sessions: C-a ( previous session C-a ) next session C-a L ‘last’ (previously used) session C-a s choose a session from a list (navigate)
Other: C-a $ rename the current session

Windows

Create a window: C-a c create a new window
Switch between windows: C-a 0 … 9 switch to window 0, …, 9 C-a p previous window C-a n next window C-a l ‘last’ (previously used) window C-a w choose window from a list C-a M-n next window with a bell, activity or content alert C-a M-p previous such window
Rename, Kill: C-a , rename the current window C-a & kill the current window
Reorder (from commmands)

:swap-window -s 2 -t 1 # Reorder window, swap window number 2(src) and 1(dst)

:swap-window -t -1 # Move current window to the left by one position

Managing split panes

Split: Creating a new pane by splitting an existing one:

C-a "          split vertically (top/bottom)
C-a %          split horizontally (left/right)

Switch: between panes:

C-a left       go to the next pane on the left
C-a right      (or one of these other directions)
C-a up
C-a down
C-a o          go to the next pane (cycle through all of them)
C-a ;          go to the ‘last’ (previously used) pane
C-a q 0 ... 9  go to pane number 0 ... 9

Move: panes around:

C-a {          move the current pane to the previous position
C-a }          move the current pane to the next position
C-a C-o        rotate window ‘up’ (i.e. move all panes)
C-a M-o        rotate window ‘down’
C-a !          move the current pane into a new separate
               window (‘break pane’)
C-a :move-pane -t :3.2
               split window 3's pane 2 and move the current pane there

Resize: panes:

C-a M-up, C-a M-down, C-a M-left, C-a M-right
               resize by 5 rows/columns
C-a C-up, C-a C-down, C-a C-left, C-a C-right
               resize by 1 row/column
C-a z          toggle pane zoom

Conf: Resizing commands

:resize-pane -D (Resizes the current pane down)
:resize-pane -U (Resizes the current pane upward)
:resize-pane -L (Resizes the current pane left)
:resize-pane -R (Resizes the current pane right)
:resize-pane -D 10 (Resizes the current pane down by 10 cells)
:resize-pane -U 10 (Resizes the current pane upward by 10 cells)
:resize-pane -L 10 (Resizes the current pane left by 10 cells)
:resize-pane -R 10 (Resizes the current pane right by 10 cells)

Evenify: Applying predefined layouts:

C-a M-1        switch to even-horizontal layout
C-a M-2        switch to even-vertical layout
C-a M-3        switch to main-horizontal layout
C-a M-4        switch to main-vertical layout
C-a M-5        switch to tiled layout
C-a space      switch to the next layout

Other:

C-a x          kill the current pane
C-a q          display pane numbers for a short while

Copy mode

:setw -g mode-keys vi # use vi keys in buffer

Function                vi             emacs
Back to indentation     ^              M-m
Clear selection         Escape         C-g
Copy selection          Enter          M-w
Cursor down             j              Down
Cursor left             h              Left
Cursor right            l              Right
Cursor to bottom line   L
Cursor to middle line   M              M-r
Cursor to top line      H              M-R
Cursor up               k              Up
Delete entire line      d              C-u
Delete to end of line   D              C-k
End of line             $              C-e
Goto line               :              g
Half page down          C-d            M-Down
Half page up            C-u            M-Up
Next page               C-f            Page down
Next word               w              M-f
Paste buffer            p              C-y
Previous page           C-b            Page up
Previous word           b              M-b
Quit mode               q              Escape
Scroll down             C-Down or J    C-Down
Scroll up               C-Up or K      C-Up
Search again            n              n
Search backward         ?              C-r
Search forward          /              C-s
Start of line           0              C-a
Start selection         Space          C-Space
Transpose chars                        C-t

From and to copy mode:

Ctrl + b ]

Paste contents of buffer_0

Ctrl + b [

Enter copy mode

Ctrl + b PgUp

Enter copy mode and scroll one page up

Quit mode

Spacebar

Start selection

Esc

Clear selection

Enter

Copy selection

Copy commands

:show-buffer

display buffer_0 contents

:capture-pane

copy entire visible contents of pane to a buffer

:list-buffers

Show all buffers

:choose-buffer

Show all buffers and paste selected

:save-buffer buf.txt

Save buffer contents to buf.txt

:delete-buffer -b 1

delete buffer_1

Other config file settings

Force a reload of the config file on C-a r: unbind r bind r source-file ~/.tmux.conf

Some other settings that I use: setw -g xterm-keys on

.tmux.conf

set-option -g allow-rename off
set -g status-bg cyan
set-option -g prefix C-a
unbind C-b

key bindings (other cheat)

tmux may be controlled from an attached client by using a key combination of a prefix key, ‘C-b’ (Ctrl-b) by default, followed by a command key.

? List all key bindings.
tmux new -s name_instance –> new session called “name_instance”.
d detach from the tmux session.
tmux ls –> list existing tmux sessions.
tmux new -s name_instance_two -d –> new session instance in the background.
tmux attach –> if we only have one session running.
tmux attach -t name_instance–> attach to the session name_instance.
tmux kill-session -t name_instance –> killing sessions
[ enter copy mode and move the cursor to where we want to start selecting text.
SPACE and move the cursor to the end of the text and press ENTER (the selected text gets copied into a paste buffer)
] paste the contents we just capture (the current buffer)
= Lists all paste buffers and pastes selected buffer contents
h , j , k , and l Moves the cursor left, down, up, and right respectively.
w Moves the cursor forward one word at a time.
b Moves the cursor backward one word at a time.
f followed by any character Moves to the next occurrence of the specified character.
F followed by any character Moves to the previous occurrence of the specified character.
CTRL - b Scrolls up one page.
CTRL - f Scrolls down one page.
g Jumps to the top of the buffer.
G Jumps to the bottom of the buffer.
? Starts a search backward through the buffer.
/ Starts a search forward through the buffer.
” Split the current pane into two, top and bottom.
% Split the current pane into two, left and right.
o Select the next pane in the current window.
x Kill the current pane.
C-o Rotate the panes in the current window forwards.
! Break the current pane out of the window.
; Move to the previously active pane.
q Briefly display pane indexes.
{ Swap the current pane with the previous pane.
} Swap the current pane with the next pane.
$ Rename the current session.
tmux new -s <session-name> (if you get some error related to $TMUX us this command - TMUX= tmux new-session -s <session-name>)
d Detach from the current session.
tmux list-sessions | tmux ls
tmux attach -t <session-name> re-attach a session
tmux kill-session -t <session-name>
c Create a new window.
, Rename the current window.
w Choose from a list of windows interactively.
l Move to the previously selected window.
n Change to the next window.
p Change to the previous window.
& Kill the current window.
’ Prompt for a window index to select.
f Prompt to search for text in open windows.
i Display some information about the current window.
0 to 9 Select windows 0 to 9.
: Enter the tmux command prompt.
C-b Send the prefix key (C-b) through to the application.
C-z Suspend the tmux client.
# List all paste buffers.
( Switch the attached client to the previous session.
) Switch the attached client to the next session.
- Delete the most recently copied buffer of text.
. Prompt for an index to move the current window.
= Choose which buffer to paste interactively from a list.
D Choose a client to detach.
L Switch the attached client back to the last session.
[ Enter copy mode to copy text or view the history.
] Paste the most recently copied buffer of text.
r Force redraw of the attached client.
m Mark the current pane (see select-pane -m).
M Clear the marked pane.
s Select a new session for the attached client interactively.
t Show the time.
z Toggle zoom state of the current pane.
~ Show previous messages from tmux, if any.
Page Up Enter copy mode and scroll one page up.
Up, Down, Left, Right Change to the pane above, below, to the left, or to the right of the current pane.
M-1 to M-5 Arrange panes in one of the five preset layouts: even-horizontal, even-vertical, main-horizontal, main-vertical, or tiled.
Space Arrange the current window in the next preset layout.
M-n Move to the next window with a bell or activity marker.
M-o Rotate the panes in the current window backwards.
M-p Move to the previous window with a bell or activity marker.
C-Up, C-Down, C-Left, C-Right Resize the current pane in steps of one cell.
M-Up, M-Down, M-Left, M-Right Resize the current pane in steps of five cells.

Key bindings may be changed with the bind-key and unbind-key commands.

Tmux

Trick

Pane to new Windows == break pane o

Vertical to horizontal

Clipboard

Get help

Display a list of keyboard shortcuts:

List windows

List sessions

Tips

tmux cheat sheet

Prefix key

remap prefix to Control + a

bind ‘C-a C-a’ to type ‘C-a’

Copy mode

show the yank ring

Sessions, windows, panes

Sessions

Windows

Managing split panes

Copy mode

Paste contents of buffer_0

Enter copy mode

Enter copy mode and scroll one page up

Quit mode

Start selection

Clear selection

Copy selection

display buffer_0 contents

copy entire visible contents of pane to a buffer

Show all buffers

Show all buffers and paste selected

Save buffer contents to buf.txt

delete buffer_1

Other config file settings

.tmux.conf

key bindings (other cheat)